A Phenomena-Based Physics, Vol. 2 for Grade 7

A Phenomena-Based Physics
Vol. 1 for Grade 6
By Manfred von Mackensen
Translated and edited by John Petering
AWSNA Publications, 1994-97
66 pages; paperback; $8.00

These books were written for class teachers in Waldorf Schools. At the same time, however, they can also serve as an introduction to a phenomena-centered study of physics for anyone interested in pursuing this approach. Von Mackensen is very careful in his methodology. As is appropriate for students of this age, he seeks to give them a broad and diverse experience of the phenomena. Developing an interest in and familiarity with the phenomena is the primary concern. Only gradually, after rich experience has been gathered, do theoretical considerations come into play.

Each of the three volumes begins with the same basic general introduction to the teaching methodology. Then the various fields of physics appropriate to the age group are introduced. A discussion of the main topics in the particular field is followed by detailed descriptions of a series of simple experiments.

Contents, Vol. 2: Grade 7
Introduction
Preface
Teaching, Technology and Life
The Landscape of Science
Alternative Science, No Thanks?
Developmental Psychology
Pedagogical Methods
To the Teacher

Optics in Grade 7
Mirror Phenomena
The Structure of the Image with Mirrors
Physics in School
Steps to Understanding the Camera-Image
Optics Experiments in Grade 7

Heat Studies in Grade 7
Warmth and the Surroundings
Thermal Expansion
Thermometers
New Sorts of Ice Experiments
Heat Experiments in Grade 7

Electricity Studies in Grade 7
Galvanic Electricity
Volta's Pile
Voltage and Current
Current Strength and Short Circuits
Voltage and Resistance
The Experience of Electricity
Electricity Experiments in Grade 7

Grade Seven Magnetism
Seventh Grade Magnetism Experiments

Grade Seven Mechanics
Overview
The Lever
Wheel and Axle
About Fixed Pulleys and Block and Tackle
Inclined Plane, Screw and Wedge
Experiments in Mechanics for Grade Seven